{"id":52314,"date":"2023-06-01T13:54:03","date_gmt":"2023-06-01T12:54:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.soitron.com\/?p=52314"},"modified":"2023-06-01T14:36:33","modified_gmt":"2023-06-01T13:36:33","slug":"chyby-v-konfiguraci-cloudu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.soitron.com\/cs\/chyby-v-konfiguraci-cloudu\/","title":{"rendered":"Miskonfigurace cloudov\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed velkou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed hrozbu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle \u010cesk\u00e9ho statistick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu 44 % tuzemsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 cloud computing a dal\u0161\u00ed se na n\u011bj chystaj\u00ed. P\u0159i migrov\u00e1n\u00ed IT syst\u00e9m\u016f v\u0161ak zapom\u00ednaj\u00ed na adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznikaj\u00ed chybn\u00e9 konfigurace (tzv. miskonfigurace) a ty potom podniky vystavuj\u00ed velk\u00fdm rizik\u016fm. Kter\u00fdmi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi miskonfiguracemi trp\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f m\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd podnik ka\u017ed\u00fd rok stovky chybn\u00fdch konfigurac\u00ed, ale o p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b z nich IT odd\u011blen\u00ed v\u016fbec netu\u0161\u00ed. V\u0161echny chybn\u00e9 konfigurace jsou p\u0159itom v\u00fdsledkem lidsk\u00e9 chyby a chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f na kontrolu konfigura\u010dn\u00edho stavu cloudu (nap\u0159. tzv. CSPM \u2013 Cloud Security Posture Management).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak cloudov\u00e9, tak on-premise \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed jasn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody a \u0159e\u0161\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fdzvy a pot\u0159eby organizac\u00ed. Vz\u00edt a p\u0159esunout kompletn\u011b lok\u00e1ln\u00ed IT infrastrukturu bez pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch zm\u011bn do cloudu (tzv. Lift & Shift p\u0159\u00edstup) je v\u0161ak \u010dastou chybou, kter\u00e9 se organizace dopou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed. Je pot\u0159eba si toti\u017e uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed cloud computingu m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it riziko napaden\u00ed organizace. Proto se tato v\u00fdzva mus\u00ed pojmout jako \u0161ance na p\u0159echod k modern\u00edmu a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed firemn\u00ed infrastruktury. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se nesm\u00ed zapomenout v\u0161e konzultovat s odd\u011blen\u00edm bezpe\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 by m\u011blo b\u00fdt fundament\u00e1ln\u00ed a integr\u00e1ln\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho podobn\u00e9ho projektu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Metoda jedna ku jedn\u00e9 selh\u00e1v\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jak cloudov\u00e9, tak on-premise \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed jasn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody a \u0159e\u0161\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fdzvy a pot\u0159eby organizac\u00ed. Vz\u00edt a p\u0159esunout kompletn\u011b lok\u00e1ln\u00ed IT infrastrukturu bez pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch zm\u011bn do cloudu (tzv. Lift & Shift p\u0159\u00edstup) je v\u0161ak \u010dastou chybou, kter\u00e9 se organizace dopou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed. Je pot\u0159eba si toti\u017e uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed cloud computingu m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it riziko napaden\u00ed organizace. Proto se tato v\u00fdzva mus\u00ed pojmout jako \u0161ance na p\u0159echod k modern\u00edmu a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed firemn\u00ed infrastruktury. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se nesm\u00ed zapomenout v\u0161e konzultovat s odd\u011blen\u00edm bezpe\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 by m\u011blo b\u00fdt fundament\u00e1ln\u00ed a integr\u00e1ln\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho podobn\u00e9ho projektu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee cloud jako takov\u00fd je sd\u00edlen\u00e1 zodpov\u011bdnost mezi poskytovatelem cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb a z\u00e1kazn\u00edkem \u2013 cloud tedy nen\u00ed nikdy samospasn\u00fd. Lze uva\u017eovat o v\u00fdb\u011bru spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho modelu (IaaS\/PaaS\/SaaS), ale pokud m\u00e1 doj\u00edt k \u00falev\u011b intern\u00edmu IT\/SEC t\u00fdmu, spr\u00e1vnou cestou by m\u011bl b\u00fdt model PaaS a SaaS, kde v\u011bt\u0161ina zodpov\u011bdnosti spad\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b na poskytovatele cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eBohu\u017eel v\u011bt\u0161ina cloudov\u00fdch migrac\u00ed mnohdy znamen\u00e1 jen oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159esun st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho stavu. Z \u010deho\u017e vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed za\u010d\u00edt vyu\u017e\u00edvat ide\u00e1ln\u011b nativn\u00edch cloudov\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f, co\u017e v mnoha ohledech znamen\u00e1 p\u0159em\u011bnu st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch monolitick\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Petr Kocmich, Global Cyber Security Delivery Manager spole\u010dnosti Soitron<\/strong>a dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee<\/em> v opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nic nez\u00edskaj\u00ed, a s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed je to bude st\u00e1t v\u00edce finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v on-premise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"cloud\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V hlavn\u00ed roli miskonfigurace<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Chybn\u00e9 konfigurace cloudu p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zraniteln\u00e1 m\u00edsta, kter\u00e1 \u010dekaj\u00ed na napaden\u00ed \u00fato\u010dn\u00edky. Jde o vstupn\u00ed br\u00e1ny, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kter\u00fdch je mo\u017en\u00e9 infiltrovat nejen cloudovou infrastrukturu, ale d\u00edky propojen\u00ed a hybridn\u00edmu re\u017eimu se later\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159esunout i do st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed on-premise \u010d\u00e1sti infrastruktury, kde je pak mo\u017en\u00e9 exfiltrovat data, p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 \u00fadaje, telemetrick\u00e1 data stroj\u016f v provozn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, zdravotn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy \u010di osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje, a to v\u0161e t\u0159eba zakon\u010dit nasazen\u00edm ransomware.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dopad chybn\u00e9 konfigurace cloudu na zabezpe\u010den\u00ed syst\u00e9mu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159i migraci syst\u00e9m\u016f dost \u010dasto doch\u00e1z\u00ed i k tomu, \u017ee vybran\u00e9 slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 byly dostupn\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci on-premise \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jen intern\u011b, jsou po migraci vystaveny ve\u0159ejn\u011b na internetu, bez filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed a blokov\u00e1n\u00ed extern\u00edho s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho provozu. \u201eT\u00edmto ne\u0161varem trp\u00ed mnoho spole\u010dnost\u00ed, a dokonce mnoho z nich spadaj\u00edc\u00edch pod kritickou infrastrukturu. Ned\u00e1vno jsme takto detekovali ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupnou konzoli ICS syst\u00e9mu pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed a mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed linky \u2013 bez nutnosti ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> uv\u00e1d\u00ed Petr Kocmich<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proto n\u00e1sledn\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed k des\u00edtk\u00e1m a\u017e stovk\u00e1m incident\u016f m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b, co\u017e statistiky dohledov\u00e9ho centra Soitronu potvrzuj\u00ed. Chybn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed konfigurace se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed snadn\u00fdm c\u00edlem \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed dob\u0159e v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee je m\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd podnik. Nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017ee otev\u0159\u00edt dve\u0159e postrann\u00edm ransomware nebo cryptojacking \u00fatok\u016fm, p\u0159i nich\u017e jsou zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny cloudov\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed zdroje k podpo\u0159e kryptot\u011b\u017eebn\u00edch aktivit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kroky pro minimalizaci rizik miskonfigurac\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Spr\u00e1va, a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sledov\u00e1n\u00ed konfigurace, vy\u017eaduje mnohostrann\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Proto by organizace m\u011bly zav\u00e9st osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed postupy, jako je pravideln\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed stavu zabezpe\u010den\u00ed cloudu (Cloud Security Posture Management), kter\u00e9 pom\u016f\u017ee odhalit \u0159adu bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch proh\u0159e\u0161k\u016f a miskonfigurac\u00ed. Stejn\u011b tak by m\u011bly dodr\u017eovat z\u00e1sady Least-Privilege a prov\u00e1d\u011bt pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a auditov\u00e1n\u00ed cloudov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eUdr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9 viditelnosti cloudov\u00fdch aktiv by m\u011blo b\u00fdt prioritou, stejn\u011b jako v r\u00e1mci on-premise \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. D\u00e1le pom\u016f\u017ee siln\u00fd Identity & Access Management, kter\u00fd umo\u017en\u00ed \u0161k\u00e1lovat opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed, aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 p\u0159\u00edstupu ke cloudov\u00fdm slu\u017eb\u00e1m,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Kocmich.<\/strong> Identifikac\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch chybn\u00fdch konfigurac\u00ed p\u0159i migraci do cloudu a jejich vyvarov\u00e1n\u00ed se podnik\u016fm pom\u016f\u017ee odstranit hlavn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed probl\u00e9my. S t\u00edm dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed pomoci specializovan\u00e9 firmy, kter\u00e9 organizaci provedou cel\u00fdm procesem a v\u0161e spr\u00e1vn\u011b nastav\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odkaz na \u010dl\u00e1nek v \u010dasopise <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

IT Systems<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Podle \u010cesk\u00e9ho statistick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu 44 % tuzemsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 cloud computing a dal\u0161\u00ed se na n\u011bj chystaj\u00ed. P\u0159i migrov\u00e1n\u00ed IT syst\u00e9m\u016f v\u0161ak zapom\u00ednaj\u00ed na adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznikaj\u00ed chybn\u00e9 konfigurace (tzv. miskonfigurace) a ty potom podniky vystavuj\u00ed velk\u00fdm rizik\u016fm. Kter\u00fdmi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi miskonfiguracemi trp\u00ed? Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f m\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd podnik ka\u017ed\u00fd rok stovky chybn\u00fdch konfigurac\u00ed, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":52320,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[143],"tags":[338],"news_categories":[371],"class_list":["post-52314","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-cs","tag-kyberneticka-bezpecnost-cs-2","news_categories-bezpecnost-cs"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMiskonfigurace cloudov\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed velkou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed hrozbu - Soitron<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"P\u0159echod do cloudu nen\u00ed jen o migraci dat, ale i o zm\u011bn\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupu spr\u00e1vc\u016f, a to mnohdy p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy a nov\u00e9 konfigura\u010dn\u00ed postupy. M\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee se p\u0159i migraci n\u011bco opomene o\u0161et\u0159it, nastavit \u010di obecn\u011b nakonfigurovat podle \u201ebest practice\u201c.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Miskonfigurace cloudov\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed velkou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed hrozbu - Soitron\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"P\u0159echod do cloudu nen\u00ed jen o migraci dat, ale i o zm\u011bn\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupu spr\u00e1vc\u016f, a to mnohdy p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy a nov\u00e9 konfigura\u010dn\u00ed postupy. M\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee se p\u0159i migraci n\u011bco opomene o\u0161et\u0159it, nastavit \u010di obecn\u011b nakonfigurovat podle \u201ebest practice\u201c.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/new.soitron.com\/errors-in-cloud-configuration\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Soitron\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-01T12:54:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-06-01T13:36:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/new.soitron.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/cloud-web-Kocmich.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Leona Dundrova\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Leona Dundrova\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Miskonfigurace cloudov\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed velkou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed hrozbu - Soitron","description":"P\u0159echod do cloudu nen\u00ed jen o migraci dat, ale i o zm\u011bn\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupu spr\u00e1vc\u016f, a to mnohdy p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy a nov\u00e9 konfigura\u010dn\u00ed postupy. 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